anarchists and syndicalists in cartoons (u.s.)
"The Country For Evaporating Theories." (1883)
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by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, January 13, 1883
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first time Johann Most is depicted in a cartoon in US
Internet Archive
"The U.S. Hotel Badly Needs a 'Bouncer'" (1883)
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by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler (1838-1894)
Puck, March 28, 1883.
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Most is depicted with outstretched handleaping through the legs of the bouncer
Library of Congress
"The Coming Conflagration in the European Forest." (1883)
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by Friedrich Graetz
Puck, March 31, 1883.
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Library of Congress
"Gorilla Warfare Under the Protection of the American Flag." (1884)
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by Frederick Opper
Puck, March 19, 1884.
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Fenian activist O'Donovan Rossa hurling dynamite bombs
Library of Congress
"How Do They Like It Themselves? Horrified Apostles of Violence.--'Begob, the Flag has gone back on us!" (1885)
by Bernhard Gillam (1856-1896)
Puck, February 11, 1885.
Most on the right together with Fenian leader Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa
Library of Congress
"Gotham's Gospel Needs." (1885)
by Frederick Burr Opper (1857-1937)
Puck, February 18, 1885.
Most is depicted wearing red shorts
"How to Discourage Incendiary Anarchistic Speech-Making."
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by Federick Opper
Puck, unknown date.
"Noxious Growths in Liberty's Grounds." (1885)
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by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler
Puck, February 25, 1885.
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the mushrooms are labeled "nihilist," "anarchist," "communist," "dynamiter," "monopoly," "total abstinence fanatics"
Library of Congress
"Advice to so-called American Socialists: 'you had better not attack this club'." (1886)
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by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, February 27, 1886. p.143.
Chicago Historical Society
"The Common Enemy--To Jail or the Gallows With Him!" (1886)
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by Walter McDougall (1858-1938)
New York World, May 9, 1886.
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published five days after the Haymarket bombing
"The Evolution of the Americanized Foreigner." (1886)
by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, May 15, 1886
"Hans Socialist" is a reference to Johann Most
"The Hero of the Anarchist Legion." (1886)
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by Walter McDougall (1858-1938)
New York World, May 16, 1886.
"The History of Anarchy in Chicago." (1886)
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by Ramage
Chicago Tribune, May 16, 1886.
famous-trials.com
"The Suckers of the Working-man’s Sustenance." (1886)
by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler (1838-1894)
Puck, May 19, 1886.
Most is under the table, second from left
"When His Skin Is Not In Danger, and When It Is." (1886)
by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, May 22, 1886.
"Anarchists' Drill, New Tactics" (1886)
by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, May 29, 1886
"Liberty or Death" (1886)
by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, June 5, 1886. p.367
"The Hardest Blow Yet to the Anarchists." (1886)
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by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, June 5, 1886. p.363
"Justice Hurling a Bomb: A Hint to Our Citizens." (1886)
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by A.R. Cassidy
Graphic News (Chicago), June 5, 1886. p.220
Chicago Historical Society
"Those Foreign Savages." (1886)
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by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, July 24, 1886. p.479
"The Red flag or the anarchists of Chicago." (1886)
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New York Detective Library. Vol. 1, no. 192 (August 7, 1886)
Chicago Historical Society
"The Only Form of Trial That Would Satisfy the Chicago Anarchists--A Trial by a Court of Their Peers." (1886)
by Frederick Burr Opper (1857-1937)
Puck, 1886
The Haymarket trial took place from June 21 until August 20, 1886.
Most is featured as the judge holding a mug of beer
"Lady Justice Deals With "Anarchist Agitator." (1886)
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The Pictorial West (Chicago), Vol. 9, No. 8 (August 1886).
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The Haymarket trial ended on August 20, 1886, with eight defendants convicted and seven sentenced to death.
famous-trials.com
"Liberty Is Not Anarchy." (1886)
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by Thomas Nast (1840-1902)
Harper's Weekly, September 4, 1886. p.564.
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This cartoon appeared about two weeks after the guilty verdict in the Haymarket trial.
"John Most, the anarchist, addressing a meeting of sympathizers at Cooper Institute, April 4th. / from a sketch by a staff artist." (1887)
Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, April 16, 1887
"The Latest Chicago Idea: Tossing the Anarchist in His Own Blanket--The Red Flag." (1887)
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by William Allen Rogers
Harper's Weekly, April 16, 1887. p.280
"Scarcely!"
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Harper’s Weekly, December 10, 1887, p.907
"Siegfried, the Fearless, in the Political Dismal Swamp." (1887)
by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler (1838-1894)
Puck, December 28, 1887.
Most is depicted as a snake in the lower left corner
"The Proper School for Anarchists." (1889)
by Frederick Burr Opper (1857-1937)
Most is seated third from the right
New York Public Library
"Where the Blame Lies." (1891)
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by Grant E. Hamilton
Judge (New York), April 4, 1891.
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On March 3, 1891, the new Immigration Act went into effect. The word “anarchists” was removed as a category of undesirables from a previous version of the bill.
Library of Congress
"The Friend of Mad Dogs." (1893)
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by Victor Gillam (c.1858-1920)
Judge (New York), July 15, 1893.
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In June 1893, the newly elected governor of Illinois, John Peter Altgeld, pardoned the three surviving Haymarket defendants, a decision that sparked national controversy.
"No Rioters Need Apply." (1893)
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by Charles Jay Taylor (1855-1928)
Puck, September 6, 1893.
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In August 1893, anarchists (including Emma Goldman and Claus Timmermann) are arrested and charged with inciting to riot after addressing rallies of unemployed.
Library of Congress
"A hint from the world's fair - why not have a "bureau of public comfort" in every large city?" (1893)
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by Frederick Burr Opper (1857-1937)
Puck, October 25, 1893.
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The World's Columbian Exposition was held in Chicago from May 1 to October 30, 1893. The cartoon features an "Anarchy Dept." in the upper right corner.
Library of Congress
"Aroused!" (1894)
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by Louis Dalrymple (1866-1905)
Puck, July 11, 1894.
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On June 24, 1894, French President Sadi Carnot was assassinated by anarchist Sante Caserio. The following crackdown causes many anarchists to flee to US. Congress revisits proposals for an anti-anarchist bill with deportation mechanism.
Library of Congress
"Fizz! Boom!! Ah!!!" (1895)
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by Louis Dalrymple (1866-1905)
Puck, July 3, 1895.
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The cartoon features an "Anarchist" and "Altgeld Anarchistic Boom" (on the left), a reference to Illinois governor John Peter Altgeld who pardoned three Haymarket defendants in 1893.
Library of Congress
"Under One Flag." (1896)
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by Charles Jay Taylor (1855-1929)
Puck, August 5, 1896.
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The cartoon features William Jennings Bryan who was the Democratic candidate during the 1896 presidential election running against Republican William McKinley. To the left of Bryan is John Most holding a bomb.
Library of Congress
"When the Dynamite Trust Controls All Explosives-M'Carthy's Idea of the Result." (no date)
by Daniel H. McCarthy (1860-1905)
special thanks to
Folkert Mohrhof and Martyn Everett
Ramus Papers, IISG vol. 438, p.135-138
"He Has One Medicine For All Ills." (1897)
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by John S. Pughe (1870-1909)
Puck, April 14, 1897.
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the last "patient" on the right is an anarchist suffering from "violent insanity"
Library of Congress
"Roosevelt Next, Says Herr Most." (1901)
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St. Paul Globe, September 12, 1901.
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On September 6, 1901, President William McKinley was shot by Leon Czolgosz, a self-proclaimed anarchist. On September 12, John Most was arrested for publishing an incendiary article in Freiheit.
McKinley passed away on September 14. Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the 26th President.
Chronicling America
"Twin Thoughts." (1901)
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The Milwaukee Journal, 1901.
"Stamping Out Anarchy. Uncle Sam in Dead Earnest in His Intentions to Destroy the Reptilian Brood Whose Religion is Murder and Whose Ambition is the Subversion of Government Through Assassination." (1901)
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Saturday Globe, September 28, 1901.
"The 'Reds' and the 'Yellows'." (1901)
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Puck, October 2, 1901.
Library of Congress
"No Room On This Ship." (1901)
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by William Allen Rogers (1854-1931)
Harper's Weekly, October 5, 1901 (cover).
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The trial of Leon Czolgosz, charged with firt-degree murder, began in Buffalo on September 23 and lasted just eight hours. The jury convicted and sentenced him to death. Czolgosz was electrocuted on October 29.
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"The Unrestricted Dumping-Ground." (1903)
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by Louis Dalrymple (1866-1905)
Judge, June 6, 1903.
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On March 3, 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt signed the new immigration act, which included four inadmissible classes: anarchists, epileptics, beggars, and importers of prostitutes.
New York Public Library
"The High Tide of Immigration--A National Menace." (1903)
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by Louis Dalrymple (1866-1905)
Judge, August 22, 1903.
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illustrationhistory.com
"A Crying Need For General Repairs." (1904)
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Saturday Globe (Utica, NY), August 27, 1904.
Billy Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum, OSU
“'Congratulations, Old Man!' Russian Tyranny and American Freedom (?) Felicitate Each Other Over Prostrate Warsaw and Chicago." (1905)
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Saturday Globe, May 13, 1905.
"How John May Dodge the Exclusion Act." (1905)
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by John S. Pughe (1870-1909)
Puck, July 12, 1905.
Library of Congress
"The Littlest Father." (1905)
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by Carl Hassmann (1869-1933)
Puck, August 9, 1905.
Library of Congress
"He Used To Be 'A Menace'--Now He Finds Himself a Fad." (1906)
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by John S. Pughe (1870-1909)
Puck, May 9, 1906.
Library of Congress
"As to Japanese Exclusion. Perhaps, If They Came in Kimonos, the Real Undesirables Might Also Be Kept Out." (1907)
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by Frank Arthur Nankivell (1869-1959)
Puck, March 13, 1907.
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On February 15, 1907, the United States and the Empire of Japan signed the so-called Gentleman's Agreement when Japan's agreed to stop the further immigration of Japanese laborers. The U.S. agreed to end restriction on Japanese already in the U.S.
The depiction of the anarchist holding a bomb is based on John Most.
Library of Congress
"This Country Is Unhealthy." (1912)
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The Baltimore and Ohio Employees Magazine, 1912.
"The Globe's Daily Puzzle. Find Another Anarchist." (1913)
The Boston Globe, November 17, 1913.
"The I.W.W. and the Other Features That Go With It." (1917)
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by H.T. Webster
New York Globe, September 1917.
"Made in Germany." (1917)
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Big Piney WY Examiner, October 25, 1917.
"Now For a Roundup." (1918)
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by William Allen Rogers (1854-1931)